Learn subjects / Grade 1 / Mathematics GRADE 1 · Mathematics · LEARNING COMPANION
Making 10 Three guided lessons with explanations, visual steps, practice and a final check. An adult can read instructions aloud and help record the reflection.
Original chapter companion covering ten-bonds, teen numbers and comparing teens. It does not reproduce or solve every textbook exercise. An adult should read prompts aloud and support handling small objects safely.
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01 · Get ready 02 · Learn 03 · Practise 04 · Final check 05 · My learning You can revisit any stage. Opening a page does not count as passing. Read all lesson explanations Read all lessons These explanations remain available without JavaScript. The separate learner and solution pages can be printed on A4.
LESSON 1
Fill a ten-frame Find how many more counters make ten.
Touch each counter once as you count. A ten-frame has 10 places: two rows of five.
Count the filled places There are 6 counters. Count them once, from left to right.
Look for empty places Four of the ten places are empty.
Fill every place Add 4 counters. Now all 10 places are filled.
Say the number sentence Six and four make ten: 6 + 4 = 10.
Worked example: I have 7 counters. Three places are empty. Add 3: 7 + 3 = 10. Check by counting all ten.
Watch for this: The spaces are places for counters. Count the filled places, not every box, when finding how many counters you have.
Discuss: Draw a ten-frame. Ask a partner to put in 8 dots, then find how many dots are missing.
LESSON 2
Build ten and some more Show numbers from 11 to 19 as ten and extra ones.
A full ten-frame is one group of ten. Extra counters are ones.
Make one ten Fill all ten places. Keep this group together.
Count extra ones Place 4 more counters beside the frame.
Combine the groups Ten and four make fourteen. Write 10 + 4 = 14.
Read the digits In 14, the 1 stands for one ten and the 4 stands for four ones.
Worked example: To show 17, fill a ten-frame and add 7 counters: 10 + 7 = 17. One ten and seven ones make seventeen.
Watch for this: The 1 in 14 means ten, not one loose counter. Fourteen is 10 + 4, not 1 + 4.
Discuss: Use drawings to show 12 and 16. Circle the group of ten in each drawing.
LESSON 3
Compare two teen numbers Use extra ones to compare numbers from 11 to 19.
When two numbers each have one ten, compare the extra ones.
Build the first number Fourteen is one ten and four ones.
Build the second number Seventeen is one ten and seven ones.
Compare the extra ones Both have one ten. Seven extra ones are more than four.
Say the comparison Seventeen is greater than fourteen. Fourteen is less than seventeen.
Worked example: Compare 12 and 15. Both have one ten. Five ones are more than two ones, so 15 is greater than 12.
Watch for this: A teen number with a longer spoken name is not always greater. Use the counters or number order.
Discuss: Make 11 and 19 using drawings. Point to the same ten in both, then explain which has more.
Continue on paper Sources and coverage Original chapter companion covering ten-bonds, teen numbers and comparing teens. It does not reproduce or solve every textbook exercise. An adult should read prompts aloud and support handling small objects safely.
Original HelioLearn teaching and questions. Source-aligned companion; not an official NCERT/CBSE publication or full textbook solution bank. Independent teacher review and narrated video are pending.
